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Star cluster

Group of stars

galaxy groups

The group of Quintuplet is situated unless hundred light years of the galactic, old center about four million years.
We see one of the most brilliant stars of the Galaxy the star of the Pistol there, the name of which explains by the shape of the small nebula in which it is immersed.

Group of stars of Quintuplet

M80 is a beautiful spherical heap of 8th magnitude is one diameter 86 light years. Visually it looks like completely a comet.
This very supplied stellar swarm contains several hundreds of thousand stars, maintained together by the gravitational strengths.
It is one of heap the densest of our Milky Way. M80 is one of Charles Messier's personal discoveries.
William Herschel described it as one of the richest heap of stars.

Group of stars M80

Westerlund-2 is a small cluster of young stars from 1 to 2 million years, located 10 000 light years from Earth in the hull of the nebula, located itself in the Sagittarius arm of our Galaxy.
Heavily obscured by dust and gas surrounding this cluster shows all its splendor by observing in the infrared and X-ray
Westerlund 2 becomes one of the most interesting star clusters in the Milky Way because it contains stars among the brightest and most massive known.
This image of Westerlund 2, view X-ray shows the red zones of low energy, medium energy areas in green and high-energy blue. It is also thanks to X-rays, a very high density of massive stars and bright.
An incredibly dual system of massive stars called WR20a apparent magnitude 13.7, is shown in yellow, center and right of the image. WR20a stars have masses of 82 and 83 times that of sun and produce their stellar winds, high emission of X-ray These stars are orbiting around each other. They revolve around one another with a period of approximately 3.7 days.

The bright sources of X-rays are evidence of the collision of stellar winds from 2 stars this massive binary system, which is also found in other binary system.

The star cluster Westerlund 2, taken by the Spitzer telescope. It Westerlund 2 belongs to one of the most massive stars known so far: WR 20a.

credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Wisconsin/E. Churchwell

The young star Pisma 24-1, very bright, located 8 000 light years from Earth, scientists strongly interested because it was a size limit to that theory considers as possible.
What weight can reach a star?
The solar models had identified this mass 200 times that of the Sun, because they had discovered in the cluster open Pisma 24, the star Pisma 24-1. This star is the brightest object in the star cluster at the top of the image-against.
A careful examination of images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope has shown that Pisma 24-1 is a double star and perhaps a star triple. Each star of this stellar system would have a mass of nearly 100 times that of the Sun, which still ranks in the category among the stars more massive. Many stars continue to train in the emission nebula NGC 6357.
The team of scientists led by Jesus Maiz Apellaniz of the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia, is also managed to evaluate the body of another star nearby Pisma 24-17, also estimated at one hundred times the Sun. Find at least three such massive stars in a very small stellar cluster is extremely rare, scientists explain.
The big stars do not live as 3 million years, or 3 000 times less than a sun like ours.
The stars are sometimes concentrated in a few tight clusters light years in diameter, mainly because they were born in the same nebula. These clusters are spread generally within a few million years, although some have more than one billion years.
An open cluster is a stellar cluster, which includes 100 to 1000 stars of the same age and linked by the force of gravity. Open clusters are few and light are seen only in our Galaxy, where galaxies in our galactic cluster that includes the two Magellanic Clouds and the Andromeda nebula.

At the bottom of the image the nebula NGC 6357 which is 8 000 light-years from us, in the constellation Sagittarius. The nebula is illuminated by the star clusters Pisma 24, at the top. The brightest of these stars, Pisma 24-1, with a size of 200 to 300 times the mass of the Sun, is in fact a double star, revealed by Hubble.
Credit: NASA, ESA & J. M. Apellániz (IAA, Espagne).

Another beautiful photo from the Hubble space telescope on the stellar cluster NGC 602.
NGC 602 is a young open cluster of stars in the Small Magellan Cloud, dwarf galaxy next to ours, the Milky Way.
The radiation from stars at the heart of the nebula has pushed the gas and dust surrounding us to see in this gas bubble young stars of this cluster aged 5 million years. These young stars in training, even bathe in the gas and dust that enabled them to train.
At the distance of the Small Magellan Cloud, the image covers a distance of some 200 light-years

The star clusters NGC 602 is at the heart of the Small Magellanic Cloud, as seen in the bottom left of the photo, on the outskirts of the nebula N90, a distant galaxy among a set of much more distant galaxies yet, backward plan.

Credit: NASA, ESA, and the Hubble Heritage Team (STScI / AURA) - ESA/Hubble Collaboration

Many stars like our Sun formed in open clusters. The photo below cons of the open cluster M25 (or IC 4725) contains thousands of stars and is located about 2,000 light years away.
The stars of this cluster are all trained together, there are about 90 million years. In the photo, the bright young stars of the cluster M25 appear blue.
Open clusters, also called galactic clusters, contain fewer stars and they are younger than globular clusters. Unlike globular clusters, open clusters are generally confined to the plane of our Galaxy.
M25 is visible with binoculars in the constellation Sagittarius.
Two giant stars of spectral type M and two of type G can be observed in this cluster.
These type G are part of the cluster, while M-type stars are not.
The hot stars are blue, while cooler stars are red. In order of increasing temperature, a star will be red, orange, yellow, white, blue and violet.
Note: IC (Index Catalog).

The star cluster M25 is located in the heart of the constellation of the Archer (Sagittarius). It was discovered by Philippe Loys de Chéseaux in 1745, Charles Messier included it in his catalog in 1764.
Credit & Copyright: Jean-Charles Cuillandre (CFHT) & Giovanni Anselmi (Coelum Astronomia), Hawaiian Starlight

This butterfly wings, named Butterfly Cluster is an open cluster of stars located about 1,600 light years away in the constellation Scorpius.
The cluster size of 20 light years, contains hundreds of young blue stars.
The brightest star cluster is extremely massive, it is a supergiant BM Scorpii (also known as HD 160371).
Its yellow-orange color and contrast, the highlights in a neighborhood dotted with blue stars.
It seems that the Greek astronomer Ptolemy in the first century AD who recorded this cluster for the first time in observing a neighboring objects now called Messier 7. Formal credit of this discovery is, however, the Italian astronomer Giovanni Battista Hodierna who recorded the mass of the Butterfly in 1654.

A century later, it was rediscovered by several astronomers, and in 1764, Charles Messier was added as the sixth entry in his famous catalog (Messier 6). Estimates of the age of the cluster varies between 50 million years and 100 million years.

The star clusters of Butterfly is characterized by the presence, among many blue stars, an orange-yellow supergiant, apparent magnitude 4.2.
credit : project GigaGalaxy Zoom

M7 is a beautiful open cluster, dominated by bright blue stars, as we see with the naked eye, in the tail of the constellation Scorpius.
It is about 1 000 light years from our solar system and measure approximately 20 to 25 light years in diameter. M7 contains hundreds of stars and was probably formed there are 200 million years.
This long exposure was taken on several nights from October to November 2009, since Yalbraith Australia. On this long exposure image, we can distinguish the dark clouds of dust and millions of stars located in the background that line the celestial background.

The M7 star cluster has been known since antiquity, Ptolemy described in 130 AD.
The cluster wide and bright, shining on a background of thousands of heavenly stars.

category : stars

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Astronomy - october 15th 2007