Uranus | | | | | |
| Automatic translation | | | | | Uranus | | | | |  | | | | | Uranus is hardly visible in the bare eye on very clear night, it appears, even with powerful instruments as under the shape of a small greenish disk. Uranus is the seventh planet of the solar system, a gaseous giant and the third in size. It was discovered on March 13th, 1781 by William Herschel. Its name comes from the god Uranus, Roman god of the sky, the equivalent of the Greek god Ouranos. It has an axis of rotation tilted to 98 ° (That of the Earth is 23,27 °, and that of the Jupiter of 3,22 °). Uranus is lying thus almost on its orbit. Uranus is a gaseous huge planet, as Jupiter, Saturn and Neptune. In theory, it would consist of a solid nucleus of silicates and of iron about 7500 km in diameter, surrounded with a coat consisted of clouds of molecular hydrogen, of helium, methane and ammonia on a 10 000 km thickness, then a superficial layer of hydrogen and liquid helium, thickens 7600 km which bottom gradually in the atmosphere. Unlike Jupiter and Saturn, Uranus is not rather massive so that the hydrogen exists in the metal state around the nucleus. | | 
| | | Uranus | | |
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| semi major axis | | 2 870,99 millions de km | | inclination of the axis | | 97,86° | | mass | | 8,686x1025 kg (14,5 times the earth) | | equatorial diameter | | 51 118 km | | polar diameter | | 49 946 km | | discovered by | | William Herschel | | circumference | | 17 620 000 000 km | | volume | | 69,142 x 1012 km3 | | albedo | | 0,51 | | escape velocity | | 21,3 km/s |
| | | | | | | La 7ème planète | | | | category : planets |  | | | | | Uranus is the 7th solar planet of the system and the 3rd biggest. It is Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel who discovered it accidentally on March 13th, 1781 and he thought first of all of having to deal with a comet. Uranus had already been observed previously but it was ignored and cataloged as simple star (the first observation recorded by Uranus dates 1690 when John Flamsteed cataloged it as the star 34 Tauri). Having correctly determined the nature of the celestial body, Herschel called it the Georgian Planet in honor of King of England Georges III The thrower, a rocket Soyuz 2.1B, unstuck at 3:23 pm (the hour Paris time) on December 27th, 2006 of his shooting range of the Baikonur cosmodrome. | | Uranus showed irregularities in its orbit around the Sun that the law of the universal gravitation could not explain. An eighth planet was needed to explain these irregularities. A psychological bolt had jumped, the dimensions of the solar system doubled at one go. Most of the planets make their rotation on an almost perpendicular axis in the plan of the ecliptic but the axis of Uranus is almost parallel to this plan. Uranus mainly consists of cliffs and ices, with only 15 % of hydrogen and a little helium, while Jupiter and Saturn almost completely consist of hydrogen. | | The atmosphere of Uranus is constituted about 83 % of hydrogen, 15 % of helium and 2 % of methane. The blue color of Uranus is the result of the absorption of the red light by the methane in the superior atmosphere. Uranus possesses rings as other gas giants, overdrafts that in 1979. They are very dark as those of Jupiter and consisted of relatively big particles, up to 10 meters in diameter besides fine dusts, as rings of Saturn. There are 11 known rings, all very weak, the most glittering being the ring Epsilon. | | | | | | | Les 27 satellites d'Uranus | | | | category : planets |
Satellite | Distance (km) | Diamètre (km) | Masse (kg) | Découvert par | Commentaire | Date | Titania | 436 000 | 1578 | 3.49×1021 | Herschel | Reine des Fées dans Le songe d'une nuit d'été de Shakespeare | 1787 | Obéron | 583 000 | 1523 | 3.03×1021 | Herschel | Roi des fées dans dans Le songe d'une nuit d'été de Shakespeare | 1787 | Umbriel | 266 000 | 1170 | 1.27×1021 | Lassel | Personnage de The Rape of the Lock (La boucle de cheveux volée)d'Alexander Pope | 1851 | Ariel | 191 000 | 1158 | 1,35×1021 | Lassel | Génie aérien dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1851 | Miranda | 130 000 | 472 | 6,6×1019 | Gérard P.Kuiper | Fille du magicien Prospero dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1948 | Sycorax | 12 179 000 | 190 | 5,4×1018 | Philip D.Nicholson | Mère du monstre Caliban dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1997 | Puck | 86 000 | 162 | 2,89×1018 | Voyager 2 | Esprit malfaisant dans la pièce de théâtre le Songe d'une nuit d'été de Shakespeare | 1985 | Portia | 66 000 | 135 | 1,68×1018 | Voyager 2 | Riche héritière dans la pièce de théâtre le Marchand de Venise de Shakespeare | 1986 | Caliban | 7 231 000 | 98 | 7,3×1017 | Brett J. Gladman | Monstre dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1997 | Juliette | 64 000 | 93 | 5,57×1017 | Voyager 2 | Tragique héroïne de la pièce de théâtre Roméo et Juliette de Shakespeare | 1986 | Belinda | 75 000 | 80 | 3,57×1017 | Voyager 2 | Héroïne de la Boucle volée d'Alexander Pope | 1986 | Cressida | 62 000 | 80 | 3,43×1017 | Voyager 2 | Fille de Calchas dans Troilus et Cressida de Shakespeare | 1986 | Rosalinde | 70 000 | 72 | 2,54×1017 | Voyager 2 | Fille du Duc proscrit dans la pièce de théâtre Comme il vous plaira de Shakespeare | 1986 | Desdemone | 63 000 | 64 | 1,78×1017 | Voyager 2 | Epouse d'Othello dans la pièce de théâtre Othello de Shakespeare | 1986 | Bianca | 59 000 | 51 | 9,3×1016 | Voyager 2 | Sœur de Katherine dans la pièce de théâtre la Mégère apprivoisée de Shakespeare | 1986 | Ophélia | 54 000 | 42 | 5,4×1016 | Voyager 2 | Fille de Polonius dans la pièce de théâtre Hamlet de Shakespeare | 1986 | Cordelia | 50 000 | 40 | 4,5×1016 | Voyager 2 | Fille du roi Lear dans la pièce de théâtre le Roi Lear de Shakespeare | 1986 | Prospero | 16 256 000 | 30 | 2,1×1016 | Matthew Holman | Sorcier, duc de Milan dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1999 | Setebos | 17 418 000 | 30 | 2,1×1016 | John J.Kavelaars | Dieu vénéré par Caliban et Sycorax dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1999 | Stephano | 8 004 000 | 20 | 6×1015 | Brett J. Gladman | Majordome alcoolique dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 1999 | Perdita | 76 420 | 20 | | Erich Karkoschka | Personnage de la pièce Le conte d'hiver de Shakespeare | 1999 | Fransisco | 4 276 000 | 12 | | Brett J. Gladman | Personnage de la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 2003 | Ferdinand | 20 901 000 | 12 | | | Personnage de la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 2001 | Margaret | 14 345 000 | 11 | | Matthew Holman | Servante de Hero dans la pièce, Beaucoup de bruit pour rien de Shakespeare | 2003 | Cupidon | 74 800 | 10 | | Mark Showalter | Personnage de la pièce Timon d'Athènes de Shakespeare | 2003 | Mab | 97 734 | 10 | | Mark Showalter | Fée mentionnée dans la pièce de théâtre Roméo et Juliette de Shakespeare | 2003 | Triculo | 8 504 000 | 10 | | Matthew Holman | Bouffon dans la pièce la tempête de Shakespeare | 2001 |
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